Top 30 Asp.Net MVC Interview Questions and Answers
Embarking on a career in ASP.NET MVC development? Whether you’re a seasoned developer or a fresh graduate, acing the interview is crucial. To help you prepare effectively, we’ve compiled a comprehensive list of the top 30 ASP.NET MVC interview questions and answers.
1. What is ASP.NET MVC?
ASP.NET MVC (Model-View-Controller) is a web application framework developed by Microsoft. It follows the MVC architectural pattern, separating the application into three interconnected components: Model, View, and Controller.
2. ASP.NET Web Forms vs. ASP.NET MVC
ASP.NET Web Forms uses a page-centric approach, while ASP.NET MVC follows a more modular and controller-centric approach. MVC is preferred for large-scale and complex applications, providing better separation of concerns.
3. MVC Architectural Pattern
MVC divides an application into three components:
- Model: Represents the application’s data and business logic.
- View: Displays the data to the user and handles user input.
- Controller: Manages user input, updates the model, and manipulates the view.
4. Global.asax File in ASP.NET MVC
The Global.asax file contains application-level events and settings, handling events like Application_Start, Application_End, Session_Start, and Session_End.
5. ActionResult in ASP.NET MVC
ActionResult is a return type for controller methods, representing the result of an action and can be of various types like ViewResult, JsonResult, RedirectToRouteResult, etc.
6. TempData Object
TempData stores data that persists for a short duration between two consecutive requests, mainly used to transfer data from the current request to the next request.
7. Routing in ASP.NET MVC
Routing is a pattern-matching system identifying the incoming URL and routing it to the appropriate controller and action, defined in the RouteConfig class in the Global.asax file.
8. ViewBag vs. TempData
ViewBag and ViewData pass data from a controller to a view, while TempData passes data between controller actions during a redirect.
9. ViewModel in ASP.NET MVC
ViewModel is a class representing the data and behavior required for a specific view, facilitating cleaner separation of concerns.
10. Areas in ASP.NET MVC
Areas organize a large ASP.NET MVC application into smaller, manageable sections, each having its controllers, views, and models.
11. Action Filters
Action Filters are attributes applied to controller actions for pre- or post-processing, including Authorization, Authentication, and Exception handling.
12. Entity Framework in ASP.NET MVC
The Entity Framework is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework simplifying database operations in ASP.NET MVC.
13. BundleConfig Class
BundleConfig class bundles and minifies CSS and JavaScript files, reducing the number of requests and improving performance.
14. TempData vs. ViewBag vs. ViewData
TempData persists data temporarily between requests, ViewBag and ViewData pass data from controller to view within the same request.
15. Dependency Injection in ASP.NET MVC
Dependency Injection achieves loose coupling between components, implemented through constructor or property injection using tools like DependencyResolver.
16. Unit Testing in ASP.NET MVC
ASP.NET MVC supports unit testing using frameworks like NUnit or MSTest, with mocking frameworks for isolating dependencies.
17. PartialViewResult Class
PartialViewResult renders a partial view without the layout, useful for reusing code across multiple views.
18. Routing Constraints
Routing Constraints restrict route parameter values, allowing validation based on patterns or specific criteria.
19. @section Directive in Razor Views
@section defines content rendered in a layout view, enabling the organization of content in individual views with a consistent layout structure.
20. AJAX in ASP.NET MVC
ASP.NET MVC supports AJAX through jQuery or other libraries, allowing asynchronous data retrieval for improved responsiveness.
21. Importance of TempData Dictionary
TempData is useful for persisting data temporarily between requests, such as passing messages or data between redirected actions.
22. JsonResult Class
JsonResult returns data in JSON format, commonly used in AJAX requests for data exchange between client and server.
23. ModelState.IsValid Property
ModelState.IsValid indicates whether the model state is valid, often used in controller actions for data validation based on model attributes.
24. Custom Error Handling
Custom error handling in ASP.NET MVC can be implemented through custom error filter attributes, handling errors in global.asax, or using the HandleError attribute.
25. Razor Syntax in Views
Razor is a lightweight and syntax-friendly view engine, allowing the embedding of code within HTML for more readable and maintainable views.
26. jQuery Library in ASP.NET MVC
jQuery is a JavaScript library facilitating client-side scripting in ASP.NET MVC, enhancing DOM manipulation, event handling, and AJAX requests.
27. ASP.NET MVC Security
ASP.NET MVC provides authentication and authorization features, allowing forms authentication, Windows authentication, and external providers like OAuth.
28. Razor Layout View
Razor Layout view defines the overall structure of a web page, providing a consistent layout across multiple views.
29. Areas in ASP.NET MVC
Areas organize a large application into smaller, manageable sections, each having its controllers, views, and models.
30. Caching in ASP.NET MVC
Caching in ASP.NET MVC can be implemented using Output Caching or HttpRuntime.Cache for more granular control over caching.
Conclusion
Mastering ASP.NET MVC is crucial for building robust web applications. These interview questions and answers serve as a valuable resource, helping you showcase your expertise and increase your chances of landing that dream job in web development. Good luck!